Shock

You may be surprised to find that a series of articles on first aid in the kitchen kicks off with an article on shock - but there are very good reasons for this.

Simply put, the shock we are talking about is a medical condition which can arise as a result of any other injury. It is life threatening and it's vital that you can recognize and treat the symptoms at an early stage.

What happens is that there is a failure of the circulatory system to provide sufficient oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body. As a result, and because of a knock-on effect, vital systems start to shut down.

Stress and fear can accelerate this process - or even trigger it - and it's important for you to recognize the warning signs.

Always assume the worst

Once you have treated any injury, immediately begin treatment for shock even though no symptoms have yet appeared.

If shock begins to develop despite your careful management - call an ambulance. No ifs no buts. Shock is a rapidly deteriorating condition and it can kill, even though the injury that caused it is not in itself life threatening.

Treatment

Regardless of the type of injury sustained it is important to treat that first and manage shock as secondary treatment. This is especially true in the case of bleeding and/or severe burns.

Once those are stable, immediately do the following:

· Help the victim to rest comfortably
· Help the victim maintain normal body temperature
· Reassure the victim to lessen fear and stress
· DO NOT give anything to eat or drink even though they may be very thirsty
· Raise the victim's legs slightly unless you suspect a heart attack or stroke
· If the victim becomes unconscious position them on their side and maintain a clear airway. An ambulance must be called.

Recognizing Shock
There are a number of common signs that indicate the onset of shock, one of which is restlessness and irritability following injury, suggesting that the body is experiencing a serious problem.

This may be accompanied by any or all of the following:

· rapid breathing
· excessive thirst
· pale, cold, sweaty skin
· a rapid and weak pulse
· nausea/vomiting
· drowsiness followed by loss of consciousness

These symptoms will become more pronounced as the victim's condition deteriorates. Treat as above and call an ambulance.

Always remember this: regardless of the cause, when body cells don't get enough oxygen, shock is triggered.

Look for signs of shock in anyone who has suffered either physical or emotional trauma.

Shock kills and professional help must be summoned the moment you so much as suspect its onset.